Question 1

Is a Turkish high school diploma valid in Germany?

Accepted Answer

On its own, a Turkish Lise Diploması does not give access to German universities: anabin assesses it together with your YKS result and placement, or with periods of study in Türkiye. With the right combination you can apply directly, without a Studienkolleg.
#Routes

12-year general Lise, more than 180 points in SAY, SÖZ, EA or DİL, and placement in a Lisans programme of at least 4 years at a faculty: direct access to the placed subject and related subjects. You do not need to enrol in Türkiye. anabin does not distinguish Anadolu, Fen or other general Lise types.
Same, but placed at a university-affiliated Yüksekokul: direct access to Fachhochschulen only.
Meslek Lisesi with more than 180 points: subject-oriented Studienkolleg.
Açık Öğretim Lisesi, İmam Hatip, Anadolu İmam Hatip, Anadolu Teknik: checked individually.

Without placement or below the threshold, official sources define no general route. The DAAD admission database says a Lise graduate who did not take the YKS, or only has a TYT result, cannot be admitted. Otherwise the university or the Land authority decides.
#Common misconceptions

H+, H+/- and H- are statuses of higher-education institutions, not of school certificates.
A ZAB Statement of Comparability is for foreign degrees. School certificates are assessed by the university, uni-assist or a Land recognition office.
Your YKS ranking is not the criterion. The score type, the 180 threshold and the placement are.

If you apply via uni-assist, you submit the Lise Diploması plus the YKS placement page (university, faculty, score type). The final decision is always the university's.
More: anabin guide
Source: anabin – Türkiye · DAAD admission database

Question 2

What is anabin and how are universities listed in it?

Accepted Answer

anabin is the official German database on foreign qualifications and higher-education institutions; universities are listed with an institution status of H+, H+/- or H-. These codes describe the institution only. They do not mean your degree is recognised or that you will be admitted.
#What the statuses mean

H+: recognised as a higher-education institution in its home country and regarded as one in Germany.
H+/-: there is no single status for this type of institution, so it is assessed separately.
H-: temporarily or permanently not regarded as a higher-education institution.

#What H+ does not mean
H+ only tells you that degrees from that institution can go through an equivalence assessment. It is not automatic recognition, not automatic admission and not a university entrance qualification (HZB). H codes are not used for school certificates: Turkish school certificates are classified by access routes, combined with the YKS result and placement.
#How to check

anabin → Institutionen: search for the university and note its status.
Hochschulabschlüsse → Abschlusstypen / Abschlüsse: see how the degree type is rated ("entspricht", "gleichwertig", "bedingt vergleichbar"). That is not a recognition decision either.

anabin is not complete; binding information comes only from the competent Land offices. For a master's or PhD, the university checks your degree individually.
Source: anabin guide · anabin Institutionen

Question 3

Is my Turkish university degree recognised as equivalent in Germany?

Accepted Answer

There is no general yes or no: for a master's or PhD, the university you apply to checks your degree individually and decides. anabin gives you a first indication, but neither anabin nor an H+ status means automatic equivalence or admission.
#Start with anabin

Institution: search for your university in anabin – Institutionen. H+ only means that its degrees can undergo an equivalence assessment — a basic prerequisite, not the only one.
Degree type: under Hochschulabschlüsse, your Lisans or other degree may be described as "entspricht", "gleichwertig" or "bedingt vergleichbar". That is not a recognition decision either.
anabin is not complete; binding information comes only from the competent Land offices.

#When is a ZAB statement useful?
The ZAB Statement of Comparability is an official certificate that places a foreign higher-education degree in the German system.

It does not give you a right to admission; each university sets its own requirements and may ask for it.
It is used for visas and the EU Blue Card, by employers (e.g. the public sector) and by authorities.
Fee 208 € (re-issue 104 €); processing usually takes about 3 months and can take longer.

#Professional recognition is separate
Regulated professions such as medicine, teaching or law need recognition by the competent body. A ZAB statement does not replace it.
An Önlisans is a 2-year short-cycle programme and is not treated like a university degree (Lisans).
Source: anabin – Institutionen · ZAB Statement of Comparability · our anabin guide

Question 4

Which grades matter when a Turkish high school diploma is assessed in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Two things count: your Lise diploma grade, converted into the German scale, and placement in a programme with more than 180 YKS points. Your YKS ranking, or how far above the threshold you scored, is not the criterion.
#YKS: threshold and placement

For a general Lise, anabin looks for more than 180 points in SAY, SÖZ, EA or DİL plus placement in a Lisans programme of at least 4 years at a faculty. The 180 threshold applies until further notice; 170 applied only to the 2020 exam year.
A score alone is not enough; you also need the placement. The placed subject determines which fields you can enter directly in Germany.

#Diploma grade: how it is converted

Foreign grades are converted with the modified Bavarian formula: X = 1 + 3 × (Nmax − Nd) / (Nmax − Nmin).
Nmax and Nmin come from the ZAB assessment in anabin; you do not choose them. The result is cut to one decimal, not rounded.
If you apply via uni-assist, uni-assist converts the grade as part of its evaluation.
If you have to take the Feststellungsprüfung, your overall grade is the mean of your foreign grade and the FSP grade.
This is your university-entrance (HZB) grade, not a bachelor's GPA.

#Individual subjects
Whether a programme expects particular grades in particular subjects is set by that programme, not by a general table. The university also decides which subjects count as "related" to your placement. Check the admission rules on the programme page.
More: anabin guide
Source: anabin – Türkiye · KMK grade conversion

Question 5

How is your bachelor's degree assessed for a master's application in Germany?

Accepted Answer

The university decides whether your bachelor's degree qualifies you for its master's programme, and it checks your degree individually. An H+ entry in anabin does not make that decision; it only shows that degrees from your institution can undergo an equivalence assessment.
#What H+ in anabin means

H+, H+/- and H- describe higher-education institutions. H+ means the institution is recognised in its home country and regarded as a higher-education institution in Germany.
H+ is a basic prerequisite, not automatic admission and not automatic recognition.
The degree type is rated separately ("entspricht", "gleichwertig", "bedingt vergleichbar") — that is not a recognition decision either.

#What the university looks at

How well your bachelor's subject fits the master's, your grade, your language proof and the required documents.
There is no Germany-wide GPA, NC or language threshold; each programme sets its own requirements.
The university may consult the ZAB.

#Do you need a ZAB Statement of Comparability?

It places a foreign degree in the German system but gives no admission right. Some universities ask for it; it is not required of every applicant.
Fee 208 €, processing usually about 3 months.

#How to check
In anabin, search your university under "Institutionen", then look up the degree type under "Hochschulabschlüsse". anabin is not complete; binding information comes only from the competent Land offices.
Source: anabin guide · anabin institutions · ZAB Statement of Comparability

Question 6

How can I check the anabin status of my university in Türkiye?

Accepted Answer

Search for your university in anabin's "Institutionen" section to see its institution status (H+, H+/- or H-), then check your degree type separately under "Hochschulabschlüsse". Neither result is an admission or recognition decision.
#Step by step

Open anabin – Institutionen, choose Türkei as the country and search for your university.
Read the institution status: H+ (regarded as a higher-education institution in Germany), H+/- (no single status for this institution type; assessed separately) or H- (not regarded as a higher-education institution).
Then go to Hochschulabschlüsse → Abschlusstypen / Abschlüsse and look up your degree type (for example Lisans). You may see terms like "entspricht", "gleichwertig" or "bedingt vergleichbar".

#How to read the result

H+ only means that degrees from the institution can undergo an equivalence assessment. It is not automatic admission, automatic recognition or a higher-education entrance qualification (HZB).
For a master's or PhD, the university checks your degree individually and decides; it may ask the ZAB for an assessment.
H codes do not apply to school certificates. For a Lise Diploması, anabin has a separate section: Schulabschlüsse mit Hochschulzugang

#If your university is not listed
anabin is not complete. Binding information comes only from the competent Land offices, so ask the university you are applying to.
Source: anabin – Institutionen · anabin FAQ · our anabin guide

Question 7

What do anabin H+ and H- mean?

Accepted Answer

H+, H+/- and H- are anabin statuses for higher-education institutions, not for your diploma. An H+ status only means that degrees from that institution can go through an equivalence assessment in Germany — it is not a prior decision about your degree.
#The three statuses

H+: the institution is recognised as a higher-education institution in its home country and is regarded as one in Germany.
H+/-: there is no single status for this type of institution; it is assessed separately.
H-: the institution is temporarily or permanently not regarded as a higher-education institution.

#Common misunderstandings

H+ is not automatic admission, automatic recognition or a higher-education entrance qualification (HZB). It is a basic prerequisite, not the only one.
H codes are not used for school certificates. Turkish school certificates are listed separately in anabin by access route (direct, Studienkolleg, case by case).
The degree type is assessed on its own in anabin, with terms such as "entspricht", "gleichwertig" or "bedingt vergleichbar". That is not a recognition decision either.

#What this means for a master's or PhD
The university decides on admission and checks your degree individually; it may ask the ZAB for an assessment. anabin is not complete, and binding information comes only from the competent Land offices.
More background: our anabin guide
Source: anabin – Institutionen · anabin FAQ

Question 8

How do I find a sworn translator for recognition of my degree in Germany, and what does it cost?

Accepted Answer

For a recognition application, your documents usually have to be translated into German by a sworn translator. In Germany you can find sworn translators through the official lists kept by the justice administrations of the federal states or by the local courts.
How to proceed

Check which documents the recognition authority wants translated and in what form.
Search the official lists for a sworn translator for Turkish–German.
Ask several translators for a quote before you decide.

What does it cost?
There is no fixed price. Fees depend on the translator and on the length of your documents. Comparing a few quotes is the best way to get a realistic idea of the cost.
Caveat: make sure the translation meets the requirements of the authority handling your recognition before you order it, so you do not have to pay twice.

Question 9

Which study programmes in Germany can I apply to with a 4-year mathematics degree from Turkey?

Accepted Answer

With a 4-year mathematics degree from Turkey you can generally apply not only to mathematics, but also to related, mathematics-based programmes in Germany, for example in:

engineering,
computer science,
economics,
other fields with a strong mathematical foundation.

This applies to both Bachelor's and Master's programmes.
What decides admission

The subject-specific prerequisites of the programme: the admissions committee checks whether your courses match what the programme expects.
The language requirements of the programme (German or English, depending on the language of instruction).

Caveat: a mathematics degree does not open every related programme automatically. Each programme decides on the basis of its own requirements.
For exact information on how your degree is assessed and what the admission requirements are, contact uni-assist or the international office of the universities you are interested in.

Question 10

Can a student of Management Information Systems in Türkiye study Informatik (computer science) in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Possibly, but not automatically: whether you can enter an Informatik bachelor's depends on how you were placed in Management Information Systems (YBS) and whether you have finished your Lisans; the university decides what counts as a related subject. anabin assesses Turkish qualifications by access routes.
#If you have not finished your Lisans

12-year general Lise + a YKS score above 180 in SAY, SÖZ, EA or DİL + placement in a Lisans programme of at least 4 years at a faculty: direct, subject-restricted access to the placed subject and related subjects, with no Studienkolleg. You do not need to have enrolled or studied in Türkiye.
Placement in a 4-year programme at a university-affiliated Yüksekokul: subject-restricted access to Fachhochschulen only.
Meslek Lisesi graduates: with more than 180 points, a subject-oriented Studienkolleg; after one successful year of Lisans study in Türkiye, direct subject-restricted access.

#Does Informatik count as related?
There is no fixed public list of related subjects, so the university decides whether YBS is related to Informatik. With uni-assist you submit the Lise Diploması plus the YKS placement page (university, faculty, score type).
#If you have completed your Lisans
A completed Lisans of at least 4 years gives direct access to all subjects. If you are aiming for a master's instead, the programme's own requirements (subject fit, grade, language) decide.
Source: anabin: school qualifications · anabin guide

Question 11

Should I get my documents translated in Turkey or in Germany for my university application?

Accepted Answer

In many cases it does not matter where the translation is made. German universities generally accept translations made by a sworn translator and officially certified, whether they were produced in Turkey or in Germany. What counts is that the translation is sworn and certified, not the country it comes from.
Before you order translations

Check the document and translation requirements of each university you apply to, or of uni-assist if your application goes through it.
Look at the form of certification they accept (for example, a sworn translation with an official certification stamp).
Find out whether they want originals, certified copies or uploads.

Caveat: requirements are not identical everywhere. A translation that one university accepts may not be enough for another, so confirm this before you pay for translations.

Question 12

How can Turkish Önlisans graduates apply to German universities, and how does conditional admission work?

Accepted Answer

If you have completed an Önlisans and scored above 150 in the TYT, anabin gives you direct, subject-restricted access to German universities in your previous field and related subjects. An Önlisans is a 2-year short-cycle programme: it does not give access to all subjects and does not lead to a Studienkolleg.
#Which route applies

Completed Önlisans + TYT above 150: direct, subject-restricted access (previous field plus related subjects).
Only one year at an MYO, no diploma: Studienkolleg route for Fachhochschulen only.
There is no fixed public list of "related subjects"; the university decides which courses fit.

#Applying
If the university uses uni-assist, the application is fully digital: upload your certificates in the original language with a certified German or English translation in My assist. Fees are €75 for the first course in a semester and €30 for each additional one. The university makes the final decision.
#How conditional admission works
Conditional admission is tied to a condition set by the university, for example a language proof, and the university's rules decide. The required language and level depend on the programme; German-taught courses often ask for DSH or TestDaF, and there is no universal B2 or C1 rule. According to the German missions in Türkiye, the university's own language exam is the binding threshold, and you may have to apply again once you meet the language requirement.
Source: anabin: school qualifications · Conditional admission guide

Question 13

Can recognition of my qualification in Germany require an extra internship, an exam or additional modules?

Accepted Answer

Yes, that can happen. If your education in Turkey does not fully match the German standard for the profession or qualification, the recognition authority may ask you to complete additional practical training (an internship), take a compensation or aptitude exam, or complete specific modules before full recognition is granted.
What this usually means in practice

Full equivalence: no further steps are needed.
Partial equivalence: the authority lists the gaps it has found. In many cases you can close these gaps in Germany, without having to leave the country.
Which measure applies (internship, exam or modules) depends on your profession and on the authority responsible for your case.

Caveat: there is no single rule that applies to every profession. Read your recognition decision (Bescheid) carefully. It states what is missing and which options you have.
For detailed, profession-specific information, check the official portal Anerkennung in Deutschland or contact the recognition authority responsible for you.

Question 14

Does the recognition of professional qualifications in Germany differ between federal states?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it can. The recognition of professional qualifications is not handled identically everywhere in Germany. Depending on the profession, the rules and the competent authority can differ from one federal state (Bundesland) to another.
What this means for you

The authority responsible for your case depends on your profession and on the federal state concerned.
Required documents, procedures and details can vary, so information from another state may not apply to you.

Caveat: do not rely on experiences from friends in a different state or profession. Before you apply, get up-to-date information from the official recognition office of the relevant state.
The official portal Anerkennung in Deutschland helps you identify the right authority for your profession and location.

Question 15

How do I get my foreign high school diploma recognized in Germany?

Accepted Answer

To get your foreign high school diploma recognized for university admission in Germany, you might often need to attend a preparatory college called a Studienkolleg. Admission requirements for a Studienkolleg vary based on your diploma grades and the subjects you studied. You can check if your diploma is recognized in Germany using the Anabin database.

Question 16

How do I get my Turkish diploma recognized in Germany, and for which professions is it valid?

Accepted Answer

For Turkish diplomas to be valid in Germany, you usually need to go through an Anerkennung (recognition) process. You can check the Anabin database (a database providing information on the evaluation of foreign educational qualifications) to see how your diploma and university are rated in Germany. Recognition is mandatory for certain regulated professions, while for others, it might be enough for employers to simply acknowledge your qualifications.

Question 17

Is it easier to get your diploma recognized from Germany or your home country?

Accepted Answer

German bodies always make the decision, and the main procedures can be started from Türkiye — being in Germany is usually not required. Which procedure you need depends on the purpose:
#Applying to a university
You don't need a separate "diploma recognition". Your school-leaving certificate (HZB) or bachelor's degree is assessed by the university or uni-assist. A university may ask for a ZAB statement, but that is not a general rule.
#ZAB Statement of Comparability (foreign university degree)

Fully online; you log in with a BundID account, which anyone can create with just an e-mail address, regardless of nationality.
Simple scans usually suffice; generally no apostille or certification.
ZAB does not require a German address or Anmeldung.
Fee 208 €, usually about 3 months.

#Professional recognition (regulated professions)
You can apply from abroad. The competent authority depends on the profession and where in Germany you plan to work — the Anerkennungs-Finder tells you which one.
#Exception
Some Land services are tied to residence: in Berlin, for example, recognising a school certificate for work or vocational training requires living in Berlin or a Berlin job/training offer.
Source: ZAB FAQ · Recognition in Germany

Question 18

Can I transfer to a German university from a non-EU country?

Accepted Answer

Direct university transfers aren't really a common concept in Germany. Instead, you'll typically apply for a new program. Then, the university will evaluate whether they can accept credits from your previous studies. Every university has its own specific recognition and admission procedures, so you'll need to check with your chosen institution.

Question 19

Is it possible to get into or transfer to high-NC subjects like medicine or biology in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Yes, but it is hard, and there is no fixed national grade threshold. Two situations differ: starting medicine or dentistry in the first semester, or transferring into a higher semester from medical studies abroad.
#Starting in the first semester

First, your school certificate must give you an HZB for this subject; the university or uni-assist assesses that.
Turkish citizens applying with a Turkish school certificate are not treated like Germans; they compete in a foreigner quota set by each Land.
The share varies by Land. Example Bavaria: 2 percent in medicine and 5 percent in dentistry, with selection primarily by the level of qualification.
These applicants apply directly to the university or through uni-assist, not via hochschulstart.
Applicants with a German HZB (such as a German Abitur) are treated like Germans and go through the hochschulstart quotas, where tests such as the TMS can count.

#Transferring into a higher semester

hochschulstart only allocates first-semester places; higher-semester applications go directly to the university and depend on free places.
Whether medical study abroad is credited is decided by the competent Land authority. Crediting alone does not give you a place, so a transfer is never guaranteed.

#Biology
Biology admission is usually handled locally by each university; check the requirements on its website.
Source: hochschulstart – international applicants · Bavaria HZV · hochschulstart – FAQ

Question 20

What should I do if my degree recognition is only partially approved?

Accepted Answer

If your degree recognition comes back as partially approved, it usually means you'll need to complete certain missing courses or modules. You should talk directly with the recognition authority to understand your options, whether that means providing additional information or documents, or taking supplementary courses.

Question 21

What are the recognition and job opportunities like for healthcare professions in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Healthcare professions in Germany are subject to strict legal regulations, and some job titles might differ from what you're used to. The diploma recognition process is usually mandatory, and you'll typically need a high level of German language proficiency (B2-C1) to work in this sector. Before you even start your job search, it's crucial to research the equivalent of your profession in Germany and its recognition requirements on official sources like "Make it in Germany."

Question 22

What is the process for professional diploma recognition (Anerkennung) in Germany for professions like mapping technician?

Accepted Answer

The process for professional diploma recognition (Anerkennung) in Germany depends on whether your specific profession is regulated or not. For professions like mapping technician, you'll need to contact the relevant authorities to find out the required documents and application steps. Resources like the Anabin database (which helps evaluate foreign educational qualifications) and the BQ-Portal are usually helpful for your initial research.

Question 23

What are the fees and required documents for diploma recognition procedures?

Accepted Answer

There is no single "recognition fee": a ZAB Statement of Comparability costs 208 €, while fees and documents for professional recognition in regulated professions depend on the profession and the competent authority. First work out which procedure you actually need.
#ZAB Statement of Comparability (foreign university degree, non-regulated professions)

Fee: 208 €, paid online after you submit the application.
Processing: usually about 3 months once the file is complete.
Documents: no fixed list; ZAB's online Pre-Check generates a checklist for your degree and country.
Simple PDF scans usually suffice, generally without an apostille. Translations are needed only if the checklist asks for them and never replace the original-language document.

#Professional recognition (regulated professions, e.g. medicine or teaching)

Costs vary greatly by profession and authority, plus translation and certification costs.
Typical documents: ID, qualification certificates, proof of training content and duration, often certified translations. The exact list depends on the authority (Anerkennungs-Finder).
Normally takes 3–4 months.
A ZAB statement cannot replace professional recognition.

#University admission
No separate recognition fee: the university or uni-assist assesses your documents. At universities using uni-assist you pay 75 € for the first programme in a semester.
Source: ZAB FAQ · Recognition in Germany

Question 24

Can a student placed in a different programme in Türkiye apply for another engineering programme in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Possibly: the direct access you gain through a YKS placement covers the placed subject and related subjects, and the German university decides whether another engineering field counts as related.
#General Lise + YKS placement

With a 12-year general Lise, a YKS score above 180 points in SAY, SÖZ, EA or DİL and a placement in a Lisans programme of at least 4 years at a faculty, anabin grants direct, subject-restricted access without a Studienkolleg.
You do not need to enrol or study in Türkiye. What counts is the score type, the 180 threshold and the placement — not your ranking.
There is no fixed public list of related subjects. If you were placed in civil engineering and want mechanical engineering, the target university assesses it.
If the placement was at a university-affiliated Yüksekokul, direct access applies to Fachhochschulen only.

#If you completed your Lisans

A completed Lisans of at least 4 years gives direct access to all subjects; the programme's other admission requirements still apply.

#Practical steps

Check the Türkiye access routes in anabin.
If you apply via uni-assist, upload your Lise Diploması and the YKS placement page (university, faculty, score type).
Ask the target programme in writing whether your placed subject counts as related.

Source: anabin guide · anabin – school certificates with university access

Question 25

Are certificates from private institutions recognized in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Certificates you get from private institutions in Germany, like IT certifications, are generally not considered the same as a state-issued diploma or degree. Because of this, they won't go through a formal recognition process by the ZAB (Zentralstelle für ausländisches Bildungswesen), which is the Central Office for Foreign Education. These types of certificates definitely show your professional competence, but they don't provide official educational equivalency.

Question 26

How do you get your healthcare diploma recognized in Germany?

Accepted Answer

For the recognition of healthcare diplomas in Germany, you need to contact the relevant authorities, which vary by state. For example, the Landesprüfungsamt (State Examination Office) is one such body. The process involves reviewing your documents and sometimes requires additional training or exams. While consulting firms can guide you through this, the final decision rests with the official institutions.

Question 27

Does having my university degree recognized make it easier to find a job in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Yes, absolutely. Getting your university degree recognized in Germany provides a significant advantage in your job search and is often a prerequisite for many positions. This recognition confirms that your qualifications meet German standards, serving as a reliable reference for potential employers. It essentially validates your education for the German job market.

Question 28

Is it possible to get into university in Germany without a high school diploma?

Accepted Answer

There are different paths to study in Germany even if you don't have a traditional high school diploma. For example, if you successfully complete an Ausbildung (vocational training), you might qualify for university admission by passing additional exams.

Question 29

How does the diploma recognition (denklik) process work?

Accepted Answer

It depends on which document you need assessed and why: school certificates are assessed by the university, uni-assist or a Land Zeugnisanerkennungsstelle, while a foreign university degree can be placed in the German system by the ZAB through a Statement of Comparability. None of these alone guarantees admission.
#School certificate (for a bachelor's)

A Turkish school certificate on its own does not determine access; anabin combines it with the YKS result and placement.
The final decision lies with the university (or the competent Land authority). uni-assist asks for the Lise Diploması plus the YKS placement page.
Access routes: anabin – Schulabschlüsse

#University degree (for a master's, work or a visa)

Check your university's anabin status (H+, H+/-, H-) and your degree type. H+ is not automatic equivalence.
For a master's or PhD, the university you apply to checks your degree individually and may ask the ZAB.
If a university, employer or authority asks for it, apply for a ZAB Statement of Comparability: fee 208 € (re-issue 104 €), usually about 3 months. It gives no right to admission; it is used for visas and the EU Blue Card, by employers and by authorities.

#Professional recognition
Regulated professions such as medicine, teaching or law need recognition by the competent body. The ZAB statement does not replace it.
Source: ZAB Statement of Comparability · ZAB fees · our anabin guide

Question 30

How are YKS rankings or my Turkish high school/university background evaluated for university applications in Germany?

Accepted Answer

Your YKS ranking is not the criterion — your score type, the threshold of more than 180 points and your placement in Türkiye are. A Turkish school certificate alone never grants access to German higher education (HZB); anabin reads it together with your YKS result, your placement document and, in some cases, study periods in Türkiye.
#Lise + YKS routes

12-year general Lise + more than 180 points in SAY, SÖZ, EA or DİL + placement in a Lisans programme of at least 4 years at a faculty → direct, subject-restricted access (placed subject and related subjects), no Studienkolleg. You do not need to enrol or study in Türkiye.
Same, but placement in a 4-year programme at a university-affiliated Yüksekokul → direct subject-restricted access to Fachhochschulen only.
Meslek Lisesi + more than 180 points → subject-oriented Studienkolleg; after one successful year of Lisans study in Türkiye → direct subject-restricted access.

#Prior study in Türkiye

Completed Önlisans + TYT above 150 → direct access in your previous field and related subjects.
Two successful years at an Açıköğretim faculty → direct subject-restricted access.
Completed Lisans of at least 4 years → direct access to all subjects.
Açık Öğretim Lisesi → assessed case by case; you must also prove your exam result and placement.

#Who decides
Without a placement, or below the threshold, official sources define no general route — the university or the competent Land authority decides. uni-assist asks for your Lise Diploması plus the YKS placement page (university, faculty, score type). More in our anabin guide.
Source: anabin – Türkiye · uni-assist – Türkiye

Diploma Recognition

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